Port Wine is undoubtedly one of the most renowned Portuguese trades, celebrated for its exceptional quality and unique characteristics. However, it is more than just wine, it is a part of the cultural heritage, representing hard work and experience that has been passed down through generations of Portuguese families. This wonderful wine comes from the Douro Valley, Portugal's most beautiful wine region which has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its unique hillside vineyards and it is the oldest demarcated wine region on the planet. 

Historical Background

Winemaking in Portugal can be traced back to antiquity, with evidence of grape cultivation in the northwestern region of the Iberian Peninsula dating back nearly two thousand years. The Romans, who were in Portugal for around 500 hundred years (starting 200 BCE) also played a role in cultivating vines and producing wine along the banks of the Douro River. However, it was not until the latter half of the 17th century that Port wine, as we know it today, emerged.

A Flourishing Trade with England

The close trade ties between England and Portugal led to the settlement of numerous English merchants in Portugal. By the second half of the 15th century, Portugal was exporting a substantial quantity of wine to England, often in exchange for salt cod. As the demand for superior wines increased among English consumers, merchants ventured into the inland regions along the Douro River in search of higher quality wines, and their efforts were met with success.

The Origins of Port Wine

Port Wine was born out of the necessity to preserve wine during its long journey from the Douro Valley to Porto and ultimately England. Initially, it was fortified with the addition of brandy. In modern times, the fortification process for Port wine has evolved, with fortification now taking place during fermentation rather than after aging.

Explore the Port Wine Caves

When we first moved to Portugal, our knowledge of Port wine was limited to a few basic Tawny or Ruby varieties. However, after visiting the Port Wine Caves in Porto, we discovered that there is so much more to this wonderful wine. If you are fortunate enough to have a Portuguese friend, they may share a very old and special reserve with you, providing an unforgettable experience.

If you are planning a visit to Porto, I highly recommend dedicating at least a day to visit the wine caves and indulge in tastings. Among the various tours available, my personal favorite was at Grahams, where a wonderful lunch at their restaurant, Vinums, was the end to a perfect day. Remember to make reservations for tours in advance. If you are interested in trying Port wine back in the states, Taylors and Grahams are established brands that offer high-quality options and can be readily found.

If you are considering a “dental holiday” let us know, we are here to help you find your Smile in Lisbon and make your trip to Portugal a memorable one.

List of Wine Caves to Visit  in Porto

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